At the beginning of the 19th Century there was no national system of schooling. The main approaches were either fee paying or through charty organisations or individual members of the community (known as Dames Schools).
The Lancastrian System
description
National Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor in the Principles of the Established Church in England and Wales.
description
Learn more about schools in the early C19th
National Schools (England and Wales Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_school_(England_and_Wales)
National Schools
https://co-curate.ncl.ac.uk/national-schools/
Schooling Before the 19th Century UK Parliament.
https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/livinglearning/school/overview/before19thcentury/
Types of school in nineteenth century England – History of Education Society
https://historyofeducation.org.uk/types-of-school-in-nineteenth-century-england/
History of Education in the UK – the history of our schools colleges and universities
https://www.education-uk.org/history/chapter05.html
Exploring Oxfordshire School History Definitions and Terminology.
https://www.oxfordshirehistory.org.uk/public/school/diy/school_definitions.htm
Joshua Watson
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua_Watson
Monitorial System
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitorial_system
Joseph Lancaster
https://britishschoolsmuseum.org.uk/whats-on/joseph-lancaster/
Joseph Lancaster
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Lancaster
Sunday Schools
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunday_school
Methodist Heritage Sunday Schools
https://www.methodistheritage.org.uk/methodist-history/youth-and-education/sunday-schools/
Church of England – The Evolution of Sunday Schools
https://www.churchofengland.org/sites/default/files/2023-04/irene-smale-the-evolution-of-the-sunday-school-movement-1751-to-present-day-a-paradigm-for-societal-crises.pdf
The Victorian School
https://www.victorianschool.co.uk/